3R Petroleum

Henrique Kronemberger, Head of IT & Cybersecurity

OT Cybersecurity in Mature Oil and Gas Assets

Henrique Kronemberger, Head of IT & Cybersecurity

Through this article, Henrique Kronemberger discusses operational technology (OT) cybersecurity and highlights cybersecurity challenges in mature oil and gas assets. Kronemberger emphasizes the importance of a targeted approach to cybersecurity in such environments. Instead of a complete overhaul, he advocates focusing on securing the most critical vulnerabilities through network segmentation, advanced monitoring tools and enhanced access controls. He also underscores the crucial role of human factors, noting that operators and technicians must be trained in current cybersecurity practices to protect these systems effectively.

Mature oil and gas assets present unique challenges, particularly in the field of operational technology (OT) cybersecurity. With decades of operation, these assets have legacy systems and outdated infrastructure, resulting in an increased exposure to cyber threats. On the other hand, with the proper strategies in place, these challenges can be turned into good opportunities to strengthen cybersecurity and ensure the operational continuity and longevity of these critical assets.

OT cybersecurity in mature oil and gas assets involves not only technological solutions but a comprehensive strategy that integrates people, processes and a deep understanding of the operational environment.

The legacy challenge in oil and gas assets begins with multiple systems deployed over decades, running outdated software with limited or no support for updates or patches. These systems were not designed with cybersecurity in mind, and integrating new technologies introduces gaps and new vulnerabilities, providing potential entry points for cyber attacks. Rather than attempting to overhaul the entire environment, which can render the asset to commercially unviable, the focus should be on identifying and securing the most vulnerable gaps. This may involve segmenting the network to limit the potential spread of an attack or deploying advanced monitoring tools to detect anomalies in real-time.

The human factor is another critical aspect of OT cybersecurity. Operators, engineers and technicians who have been working with these systems for years may not be fully trained in the latest cybersecurity practices. Ensuring these professionals are up to date with current threats and protective measures is essential. Customized training programs should be implemented with practical steps they can take to protect the systems they work with on a daily basis. This includes recognizing phishing attempts, using strict access control measures and knowing security protocols in case of an incident.

In our experience managing OT cybersecurity, a recent project highlighted the importance of a targeted approach. The asset in question was a cluster with upstream, midstream and downstream operations in Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, with systems dating back over 15 years. The challenge was to improve cybersecurity while simultaneously migrating the asset to 3R Petroleum without disrupting operations—a delicate balance.

We began by conducting a risk assessment, identifying the critical vulnerabilities in the network and the systems that were most critical to operations. Based on these findings, we implemented a series of measures, including network segmentation, deployment of intrusion detection systems and enhanced access controls.

As the oil and gas industry continues to navigate the challenges of digital transformation, protecting legacy assets will remain a priority. The key is balancing the need for enhanced cybersecurity with the realities of operating in a legacy environment. Companies can protect their assets from evolving threats by focusing on the most critical vulnerabilities, investing in training and awareness programs, and leveraging modern cybersecurity tools.

In conclusion, OT cybersecurity in mature oil and gas assets is not just about technology—it’s about people, processes and a deep understanding of the operating environment.

The articles from these contributors are based on their personal expertise and viewpoints, and do not necessarily reflect the opinions of their employers or affiliated organizations.